صلاحیت دادگاه‌های انگلستان در رسیدگی به جرم ارتشاء تجاری

نوع مقاله : علمی - ترویجی

نویسنده

کارشناسی ارشد حقوق تجارت بین‌الملل، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مبارزه با ارتشاء در قراردادهای تجاری به یکی از مهم‌ترین اهداف جامعه جهانی مبدّل گردیده است. با شیوع این معضل، سازمان‌های بین‌المللی، کنوانسیون‌هایی را وضع نمودند تا از این طریق کشورها را به مقابله با آن ترغیب نمایند. با تصویب کنوانسیون ضد ارتشاء و الحاق انگلستان به آن، پارلمان این کشور با هدف اجرای اصول و الزامات این کنوانسیون، قانون ارتشاء را در سال 2010 وضع کرد. با تصویب این قانون، انگلستان جامع‌ترین قانون مبارزه با ارتشاء را به جامعه جهانی معرفی نمود. اهمیت این قانون به‌حدّی است که تجّار و شرکت‌های چندملیتی برای شناخت و اجرای مقررات آن، تمهیدات ویژه‌ای را اتخاذ کرده‌اند. مقررات متنوع این قانون، صلاحیت گسترده‌ای را برای دادگاه‌های انگلستان ایجاد نموده تا بسیاری از اشخاص و شرکت‌های داخلی و خارجی را به‌واسطه ارتشاء تحت تعقیب قرار دهند. در این پژوهش، هدف اصلی، بررسی صلاحیت دادگاه‌های انگلستان در رسیدگی به جرم ارتشاء تجاری به‌واسطه نقض مقررات قانون ارتشاء می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Jurisdiction of the UK Courts to Investigate the Crime of Commercial Bribery

نویسنده [English]

  • Aliakbar Khodayarinejad
M.A. in International Trade Law, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Encountering bribery in commercial contracts is the one of the most important goals of international community. With prevalence of this problem, international organizations enacted conventions to encourage countries fighting against that. With enactment of anti-bribery convention and England adhesion to that, the parliament of England passed bribery act in 2010 to implement the principles and requirements of that convention. With passage of this act, England introduces to international community most comprehensive anti-bribery act to date. Because of importance of this act, Traders and multinational corporations apply particular preparations for cognition and performance of its provisions. Various provisions of this act create widespread jurisdiction for courts of England to prosecute most of domestic and foreign individuals and companies due to paying and getting of briber. The present research aims to study England court's jurisdiction in investigation into crime of commercial bribery due to breach of bribery acts provisions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Commercial Bribery
  • Corruption
  • Bribery Act of 2010
  • England Courts Jurisdiction
  • Anti-Bribery Convention

مراجع

فهرست منابع

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پژوهشهای حقوقی
دوره 19، شماره 43
مهر 1399
صفحه 157-179

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