سیاست قضایی یا قضاوت سیاسی؟ بررسی تأثیرپذیری دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری از مؤلفه‌های غیرحقوقی

نوع مقاله : علمی - ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ ارشد حقوق بین‌الملل دانشکده روابط بین‌الملل وزارت امور خارجه

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ‌ارشد حقوق بین‌الملل دانشکده روابط بین‌الملل وزارت امور خارجه

چکیده

پایه‌گذاران منشور ملل متحد، دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری را به عنوان رکنی از ارکان شش‌گانه ملل متحد، ملحوظ توجه خود قرار داده‌اند. وفق ماده 92 منشور ملل متحد، دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری به عنوان «رکن اصلی قضایی ملل متحد» برای حل و فصل مسالمت‌آمیز اختلافات بین‌المللی در نظر گرفته می‌شود. منشور ملل متحد وظیفه اصلی و ابتدایی «حفظ صلح و امنیت بین‌المللی» را به شورای امنیت تفویض کرده است، ولی باید توجه داشت که وظیفه مزبور، وظیفه‌ای ابتدایی و یا اصلی است و نه انحصاری؛ به عبارت بهتر دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری و شورای امنیت برای نیل به اهداف و اصول منشور مکمل و مقوّم یکدیگر هستند، نه رقیب. بدین‌سبب دیوان علاوه بر کارکرد قضایی، کارکرد صلح و امنیتی را نیز برای خود متصور است، این کارکرد در برخی تصمیمات دیوان تظاهری آشکار داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Political Judgment or Judgment Policy? Analyzing the Impact of Non-Legal Factors to Decisions of the International Court of Justice

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yaser Salarian 1
  • Mahdi Khalili Torghabe 2
1 Student in M.A in International Law at School of International Relations, Affiliated to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
2 Student in M.A in International Law at School of International Relations, Affiliated to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
چکیده [English]

The framers of Charter of the United Nations have considered that International Court of Justice as principal organ of the United Nations; the world Court have applied legal techniques in the resolution of the international disputes. The “principal judicial organ of the United Nations” which has been provided in the Article 92, gives the Court to apply extra-legal techniques for settlement of disputes. In other words, the Court has an additional duty to maintain international peace and security. The Charter gives primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security to the Security Council, but this responsibility is primary and it is not exclusive responsibility to maintain international peace and the Court in the recent years has had the opportunity to complete the function of the Security Council.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • International Court of Justice
  • International Peace and Security
  • Charter of the United Nations
  • Article 92 of the UN Charter
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