As the predominant modality of international trade, maritime transport generates complex contractual relationships - including contracts of carriage, charter parties, and ancillary agreements - that traditionally rely on paper-based documentation, particularly bills of lading. The physical nature of these instruments creates systemic vulnerabilities to fraud, loss, and delays. Technological modernization initiatives by industry stakeholders have demonstrated potential to enhance efficiency and contractual reliability. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized, immutable ledger architecture, has emerged as a transformative solution for maritime contracting. Blockchain implementation offers three key legal advantages: (1) cryptographic security for contractual documentation; (2) real-time traceability of the transport lifecycle; and (3) automated execution through smart contracts. This normative descriptive-analytical study examines: 1) The legal implications of blockchain adoption in maritime transport processes; 2) Its legal effects on rights and obligations of maritime actors; and 3) Jurisdictional and regulatory challenges in implementation. The study evaluates Iran’s readiness for blockchain integration through comparative analysis of international frameworks - including the Rotterdam Rules and UNCITRAL Model Laws - while identifying necessary legislative adaptations.