پژوهشهای حقوقی

پژوهشهای حقوقی

واکاوی حضانت کودکان توسط افراد همجنس‌گرا در پرتو منافع عالیه کودکان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دکترای حقوق بین‌الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه حقوق، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
در بسیاری از نظام‌های حقوقی کنونی، پدیده «همجنس‌گرایی» به رسمیت شمرده و دارای آثار حقوقی گردیده است. یکی از این آثار حقوقی، امکان ازدواج دو فرد همجنس‌گراست که خود دارای مباحث حقوقی مهمی است. از آثار ازدواج، حصول فرزند است و از آنجا که به‌طور طبیعی امکان تولد فرزند از زوج همجنس‌گرا وجود ندارد، مقوله پذیرش حضانت اطفال توسط همجنس‌گرایان مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. از بُعد حقوق بشر مطابق کنوانسیون حقوق کودک، تأمین منافع کودک مهم‌ترین اصل راهنما در تصمیم‌گیری در خصوص اطفال است. مقاله حاضر بر آن است تا با به‌کارگیری روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که حکم پذیرش حضانت کودکان توسط افراد همجنس‌گرا در پرتو معیار منافع عالی کودک چیست. یافته مقاله آن است که با توجه به عادی نبودن وضعیت افراد همجنس‌گرا و همچنین نیاز تربیتی و آموزشی کودک به والدینی از دو جنس متفاوت، منافع عالی کودک تحت سرپرستی افراد و خانواده‌های همجنس‌گرا تأمین نشده و از لحاظ موازین حقوق بشری کنوانسیون حقوق کودک، پذیرش سرپرستی کودکان توسط چنین افرادی نباید مجاز شمرده شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

An Analysis of Child Custody by Homosexual Individuals in Light of the Best Interests of the Child

نویسندگان English

Fatemeh Fooladi 1
Sajjad Afshar 2
1 PhD in Public International Law, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

In many contemporary legal systems, "homosexuality" is formally recognized and carries legal effects. One of these legal effects is the feasibility of marriage between two homosexuals, which itself entails significant legal controversies. A consequences of marriage is having children, and since it is biologically impossible for a homosexual couple to have a child, the issue of awarding custody to homosexuals has garnered attention. From a human rights perspective, according to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, securing the child's best interests is the paramount guiding principle in decision-making concerning children. This article aims, by employing a descriptive-analytical method, to analyze the issue of awarding custody to homosexuals in light of the standard of the best interests of the child. Findings indicate that, given the non-standard status of homosexuals and the child's need for upbringing and education by parents of two different sexes, the best interests of the child are not secured under the guardianship of homosexual individuals and families; and according to the human rights standards of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, awarding custody to such individuals should not be permitted.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Homosexuality
Custody
Convention on the Rights of the Child
Best Interests of the Child
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