The supervision of city management and municipality by Islamic City Councils is considered one of the most important functions of this public institution. This research aims to identify the challenges, requirements, and improvement strategies through a pathological analysis of this supervisory process. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and data was collected through library studies, documentary research, and specialized interviews. The statistical population includes experts, council members, and city managers. The research findings indicate that Islamic City Councils face numerous challenges such as legal limitations, incomplete institutionalization, educational weaknesses of members, and restrictions in supervisory authority. The main proposed solutions include: revision of laws and regulations, increasing supervisory powers, enhancing member education levels, strengthening citizen participation mechanisms, and increasing transparency in urban management processes. The results of this research can provide guidance for policymakers, urban planners, and urban management authorities, and create a foundation for improving the performance of Islamic City Councils.