Human Rights Violations Leave Behind Diverse Victims Often GlanceWhat initially appears evident are the direct and immediate victims of human rights violations. However, it is abundantly clear that the circle of victims extends far beyond what is observable at the moment of violation. The bitter experience of war and decades-long sanctions has transformed numerous potential victims of unilateral economic sanctions into actual casualties. Government policies aimed at national administration and governance sometimes backfire, leading to their exclusion by the international community. Meanwhile, participation in the global economy underscores the role of coercion and force in international relations.This paper examines the conceptual evolution of victims of unilateral economic sanctions. It explores new categories of victims resulting from violations of fundamental rights, including threats to and violations of the right to life—such as the right to access adequate food and medicine, the right to live in a quality environment, and the reduction of forced migration rates. Additionally, the decline in foreign investment and damage to the tourism industry in sanctioned countries further corroborate the proposed hypothesis.The study employs a descriptive-analytical methodology, drawing upon the latest available sources in English and Persian, as well as practical case studies.