راهکار تعقیب متهمان به جنایات جنگی در غزه بر اساس گزارش گلدستون: صلاحیت جهانی

نوع مقاله : علمی - ترویجی

نویسنده

معاون پژوهشی مؤسسه مطالعات و پژوهشهای حقوقی شهردانش، عضو هیأت علمی دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

هیأت تحقیق شورای حقوق بشر سازمان ملل متحد که در سوم آوریل 2009 به ریاست آقای ریچارد گلدستون مأموریت یافت برای بررسی تمام نقض‌های حقوق بشر و حقوق بشردوستانه در نوار غزه در طی درگیری‌های نظامی 27 دسامبر 2008 تا 17 ژانویه 2009 به تحقیق و بررسی بپردازد با تهیه و ارائه گزارش خویش در 15 سپتامبر 2009، از جمله اعلام داشت که نیروهای اسرائیلی در این درگیری‌ها مرتکب جرایم جنگی مختلف شده‌اند. هیأت تحقیق سازمان ملل متحد توسل به اصل صلاحیت جهانی دادگاه‌های ملی جهت تعقیب نقض‌های فاحش کنوانسیون چهارم 1949 ژنو و جلوگیری از بی‌کیفری و اعتلای مسؤولیت بین‌المللی مقامات و نیروهای اسرائیلی را به عنوان یک راهکار مورد حمایت قرار داد. در این مقاله چارچوب حقوقی راهکار پیشنهادی هیأت تحقیق سازمان ملل متحد مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prosecution of War Crimes Committed in Gaza and the Goldstone Report: Universal Jurisdiction

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyed Ghasem Zamani
چکیده [English]

On 3 April 2009, the President of the Human Rights Council established the United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict with the mandate “to investigate all violations of international human rights and international humanitarian law; violations that might have been committed at any time in the context of the military operations conducted in Gaza from 27 December 2008 and 18 January 2009, whether before, during or after.” From the facts gathered, the Mission found that the following grave breaches of the Fourth Geneva Convention were committed by the Israeli armed forces in Gaza: willful killing, torture or inhuman treatment, willfully causing great suffering or serious injury to body or health, and extensive destruction of properties, destructions not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly. As grave breaches these acts give rise to individual criminal responsibility.
            The Mission recommends that the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 should start criminal investigations in national courts, using universal jurisdiction, where there is sufficient evidence of the commission of grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions of 1949. Where so warranted following investigation, alleged perpetrators should be arrested and prosecuted in accordance with internationally recognized standards of justice. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Goldstone Report
  • Gaza
  • universal jurisdiction
  • War Crimes
  • Impunity
  • Human Rights
  • humanitarian law

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پژوهشهای حقوقی
دوره 8، شماره 15
فروردین 1388
صفحه 103-127

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