قطعنامه 2231 شورای امنیت و خروج آمریکا از برجام: از شأن نزول ماده 103 منشور ملل متحد تا نزول شأن آن ‎‬‬‬‎

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه حقوق، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران؛ استاد، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران .

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل، گروه حقوق، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران.

چکیده

در میانه سال 2018 میلادی، رئیس‌جمهور ایالات‌متحده آمریکا خروج این دولت از توافق هسته‌ای موسوم به برجام را اعلام کرد. این سند، در سال 2015 با تلاش دولت‌های ایران، اعضای دائم شورای امنیت، آلمان و اتحادیه اروپا منعقد شد و برای اجرا منضم به قطعنامه لازم‌الاجرای 2231 شورای امنیت گشت. در این پژوهش تلاش می‌شود که با توسّل به قوه اجرایی ماده 25 منشور سازمان ملل و نمود آن در ماده 103 آن منشور که ارجحیت تعهدات منشور بر سایر تعهدات را اعلام می‌دارد، پس از شناسایی قوه اجرایی و الزامی قطعنامه‌های شورای امنیت از طریق روش تفسیر مندرج در ماده 31 و 32 کنوانسیون وین 1969 بر حقوق معاهدات، ماهیت تعهدات طرفین ذیل برجام باتوجه‌به قطعنامه 2231 مشخص شده و بی‌توجهی ایالات‌متحده در کنار سایر نقض‌های صورت‫گرفته توسط دولت‌ها نسبت به قطعنامه‌های الزام‌آور و موضوعی شورای امنیت در طول دهه‌های گذشته را به‌عنوان دلیلی محکم بر اثبات نزول شأن و افول اعتبار ماده 103 منشور سازمان ملل نشان دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The UN Security Council Resolution 2231 & Withdrawal of the USA from JCPOA; from Supremacy of the Art. 103 UN Charter up to Diminishing Its Dignity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Ghasem Zamani 1
  • Masoud ُSabour 2
1 Professor, Department of Public and International Law, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Ph.D. Student in International Law, Department of Law, Faculty of Law, Theology and Islamic Studies, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In mid-2018, the President of the United States announced the withdrawal of his government from the nuclear agreement also known as Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). This document was signed in 2015 by the efforts of the Iranian government, permanent members of the Security Council, Germany and the European Union. Shortly after the conclusion of the deal, it was annexed to the binding Security Council Resolution 2231. This study, by resort to the implementing potency of Article 25 of the United Nations Charter and its reflection in Article 103 of the same document which declares the priority of obligations under the Charter over other obligations, and also after identification of the executive and binding character of United Nations Security Council through the interpretation methods reflected in Articles 31 and 32 of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, seeks to indicate the ignorance and violations by the United States and other states of the thematic and binding resolutions of the Security Council in the past decades, as a strong reason for the descension of credit and validity of Article 103 of the United Nations Charter.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)
  • UNSC Resolution 2231
  • Security Council
  • Article 103 of the United Nations Charter
  • Withdrawl of USA from Nuclear Agreement
  • Interpretation of Treaties

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