نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
An emerging question in the field of international trade is the possibility of settlement of monetary obligations through cryptocurrencies. The issue of whether cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin or Tether may be used in lieu of official or contractually agreed currencies such as the U.S. dollar or the euro raises complex legal and economic considerations. From the perspective of the principles of freedom of commerce, market economy, and the transnationalization of commercial transactions, an absolute prohibition on such forms of payment does not appear entirely justifiable. Nevertheless, the use of cryptocurrencies as instruments of payment in international trade continues to encounter substantial legal and practical obstacles. These include the absence of effective governmental supervision, the lack of an internationally accountable regulatory authority, uncertainty regarding the legal nature and classification of cryptocurrencies, cybersecurity and transactional-security risks, and the evidentiary difficulties associated with proving the occurrence and validity of payment. In addition, the potential misuse of cryptocurrencies for criminal purposes, including money laundering, terrorist financing, and illicit cross-border transactions, has generated serious regulatory and security concerns at both the domestic and international levels. Such concerns have prompted divergent legal and regulatory responses among states and international institutions. This study examines the economic, legal, and security-related dimensions of cryptocurrencies and analyzes the approaches adopted by different states toward their regulation and use. The study further seeks to propose practical solutions concerning the utilization of cryptocurrencies as instruments of payment in international trade.
کلیدواژهها English
