With the advent of the digital age, e-waste has become one of the most challenging environmental crises of the current century, threatening public health and the sustainability of ecosystems. In the Iranian legal system, legislative gaps are evident in the precise determination of the scope of civil liability (compensation for damage caused to individuals) and administrative liability (guarantee of government regulatory and punitive actions) for these specific wastes. This study aims to analyze the elements of civil and administrative liability of producers, importers, and disposal operators, seeking to answer the main question: how can the legal mechanism of “attribution of responsibility” in the life cycle of e-waste be redefined from the perspective of regularizing “extended producer responsibility” (EPR)? The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical with a critical approach to the applicable laws. The findings show that despite the Waste Management Law, the inefficiency in assigning strict liability and the lack of detailed regulatory regulations in the disposal of toxic electronic waste have prevented the necessary deterrence. This study suggests that in order to overcome the current deadlocks, a liability model based on "risk sharing" and "joint and several liability" between the supply chain and regulatory institutions should replace traditional systems. The conclusion indicates that the transition to a comprehensive liability system requires the establishment of specialized laws with a preventive approach and a requirement for green recycling technologies to establish a balance between technological development and the rights of future generations.