تروریسم دولتی: پندار یا واقعیت؟!

نوع مقاله : علمی - ترویجی

نویسنده

دانشجوی دکترای حقوق بین‌الملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

چکیده

تروریسم در لغت به معنای هراس‌افکنی و ایجاد وحشت است. این واژه که ریشه فرانسوی دارد، نخستین بار برای توصیف حکومت وحشت ژاکوبن‌ها در جریان انقلاب فرانسه به کار رفت که به‌موجب آن هزاران نفر در جریان مجازات‌های اختصاری کشته شدند و ترس و وحشت گسترده در میان مردم حاکم شده بود.
در چند دهۀ اخیر و به‌ویژه پس از حملات 11 سپتامبر، تروریسم، توجه جدی جامعه جهانی را به خود اختصاص داده و هرروزه شاهد بحث‌ها، پژوهش‌ها و مقالات علمی در این زمینه هستیم؛ اما در این میان، متأسفانه «تروریسم دولتی» به‌عنوان یکی از جنبه‌های مهم تروریسم، کمتر موردتوجه بوده و باوجود استعمال گستردۀ آن در ادبیات سیاسی و حقوقی، همچنان مبهم و فاقد تعریف روشن و پذیرفته‌شده باقی مانده است.
در اینجا تلاش بر این است تا ضمن تعریف تروریسم دولتی در چارچوب حقوقی موجود، دیدگاه‌ها و نظریات اندیشمندان برجسته حوزه تروریسم و انتقادات مطروحه نسبت به آن را موردبررسی قرار دهیم.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

State Terrorism: Supposition or Reality?!

نویسنده [English]

  • Navab Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh
Ph.D. Student of International Law, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The term “terrorism” is meaning to threaten and intimidate literally. This term that has French origin was first time used to describing Jacobins reign of terror during French revolutionary in which thousands people were murdered through summary executions and was surrounded entire society by fear.
In recent decades especially after September 11 attacks, terrorism has obtained serious attentions of international community and we have seen discussions, researches and scientific papers about it every day. But meanwhile to “state terrorism” as the key aspect of terrorism paid attention lesser unfortunately and as before has remained lack of a decisive and accepted definition in spite of extensive using of it in legal and political literature.
In this paper I try to define state terrorism in existed legal context, in addition I consider opinions and theories of legal eminent scholars in terrorism context and also expressed criticisms related to it.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • State Terrorism
  • State Support of Terrorism
  • State Sponsorship of Terrorism
  • International Terrorism

فهرست منابع

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